Sirtuin family protein deacetylase (SIRT) (SIRT)

The Sirtuin family protein deacetylases (SIRT1-7 in humans) are a group of NAD+-dependent enzymes that play a pivotal role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and regulating lifespan. These enzymes function as metabolic sensors, responding to changes in the NAD+/NADH ratio to modulate the acetylation state of various histone and non-histone targets, including p53, PGC-1alpha, and FOXO transcription factors (Source: NIH, PMC3836119). By linking metabolic status to gene expression and protein activity, sirtuins influence critical processes such as DNA repair, mitochondrial biogenesis, and apoptosis (Source: UniProt). In disease contexts, sirtuins are implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, neurodegeneration, and cancer, where they can act as either tumor suppressors or promoters depending on the tissue type (Source: PubMed, 21385879). Therapeutic strategies involve the use of sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs) like resveratrol to treat age-related diseases or specific inhibitors for oncology indications (Source: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 2022).

Other names

Silent information regulatorNAD-dependent protein deacetylaseSIR2-like proteinClass III histone deacetylaseHDAC Class III

NAD+-dependent deacetylation of lysine residues on histone and non-histone proteins, converting NAD+ and acetylated substrate into nicotinamide, 2'-O-acetyl-ADP-ribose, and the deacetylated product (Source: PubMed, 11158311).