Solute carrier family 45 member 3 (SLC45A3) (SLC45A3)

Solute carrier family 45 member 3 (SLC45A3), commonly known as Prostein, is a 553-amino acid transmembrane protein that is highly specific to the prostate gland. It belongs to the glycoside-pentoside-hexuronide (GPH) cation symporter family and is primarily involved in the transmembrane transport of sugars and the regulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism. Prostein expression is strongly regulated by androgens, making it a valuable marker for prostatic lineage. In clinical oncology, it is widely utilized as a diagnostic immunohistochemical biomarker (often referred to as P501S) to confirm the prostatic origin of metastatic adenocarcinomas, especially when other markers like PSA are downregulated. Beyond its diagnostic role, Prostein is being explored as a therapeutic target for immunotherapies, such as peptide-based vaccines and T-cell-mediated therapies, due to its restricted expression profile. Additionally, genetic variants in the SLC45A3 gene have been linked to Parkinson's disease risk and the regulation of myelin lipid metabolism in the brain. Its high sensitivity and specificity make it a critical tool for both diagnostic pathology and the development of targeted prostate cancer treatments.

Other names

ProsteinP501SProstate cancer-associated protein 6PCANAP6IPCA-2PRST

Immunotherapy (vaccine-mediated T-cell activation, antibody-mediated targeting)