Somatostatin receptor 1, 2, 3, and 4 (SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, and SSTR4)

Somatostatin receptors 1–4 are G protein-coupled receptors that mediate the biological effects of somatostatin, a peptide hormone highly conserved across species. Expressed throughout the brain, pituitary gland, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and various tumors, these receptors play distinct physiological roles, including inhibition of secretion of growth hormone, insulin, glucagon, and other endocrine factors, as well as modulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Their pharmacology is subtype-specific, providing opportunities for targeted drug design in cancer, endocrine, and neurological diseases, but also posing challenges for selectivity and safety due to broadly overlapping effects and tissue distributions

Other names

Somatostatin receptor type 1, 2, 3, 4SS-R subtype 1, 2, 3, 4SRIF receptor 1, 2, 3, 4

Inhibition of adenylyl cyclase activity via Gi protein coupling; Negative regulation of hormone secretion; Inhibition of cell proliferation; Induction of apoptosis (especially via SSTR3)