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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Spike Glycoprotein S1 Receptor-Binding Domain (SARS-CoV-2) (S1 RBD)
- Target
- S1 RBD
- Molecular classification
- Viral Protein, Glycoprotein
01
Overview
The spike glycoprotein (S protein) of SARS-CoV-2 is a large, trimeric, class I fusion protein that mediates viral entry into host cells. The S1 subunit contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which specifically recognizes and binds to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor on host cells. This interaction is essential for viral attachment and subsequent membrane fusion, allowing the virus to enter and infect human cells. Mutations within or near the RBD can affect infectivity, immune escape potential, vaccine efficacy, and sensitivity to therapeutic antibodies. Vaccines against COVID‑19 primarily use stabilized forms of this spike protein or its RBD as immunogens due to their strong antigenicity.
- Other names
- SARS-CoV-2 S1 RBDSpike RBDReceptor-Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2 Spike ProteinS1 subunit Receptor Binding Domain
02
Mechanism of action
Neutralizing antibodies bind to the RBD and block ACE2 binding, preventing viral entry.
03
Biological functions
Viral attachmentACE2 receptor bindingMembrane fusion initiationImmune evasion
04
Disease associations
InfectionCOVID-19 pathogenesis
05
Safety considerations
Potential for mutations leading to immune escapePotential for mutations increasing ACE2 binding affinity
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