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ST6 beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 2 (ST6GAL2)
- Target
- ST6GAL2
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Glycosyltransferase (specifically, sialyltransferase; member of glycosyltransferase family 29)
01
Overview
ST6 beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 2 (ST6GAL2) is a type II transmembrane sialyltransferase enzyme primarily involved in the transfer of sialic acid from CMP-sialic acid to galactose-containing acceptors (particularly those with Gal-β-1,4-GlcNAc termini), producing alpha-2,6-linked sialylated oligosaccharides. ST6GAL2 is a member of the glycosyltransferase family 29 and displays a tissue-restricted expression pattern, being preferentially expressed in the human brain, especially in specific cerebral cortical regions, and to a lesser extent in other tissues. Unlike the broadly expressed ST6GAL1, ST6GAL2 has distinct substrate preference, favoring free disaccharides over protein-linked glycoconjugates and appears to play specialized roles in brain function and cell signaling during intestinal host-pathogen interactions. Genetic variants in ST6GAL2 have been associated with variability in response to antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia, suggesting potential utility as a pharmacogenomic biomarker.
- Other names
- SIAT2ST6GalIIKIAA1877Sialyltransferase 2 (monosialoganglioside sialyltransferase)CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-beta-galactosamide-alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 2Beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 2ST6 beta-galactosamide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 2
02
Mechanism of action
Drugs such as risperidone may have differential efficacy or side effect profiles in patients with specific ST6GAL2 polymorphisms; mechanism relates to impact on downstream glycosylation and cell signaling
03
Biological functions
Catalysis of sialic acid transfer to oligosaccharide substratesCell signaling (especially in neuronal and enteric contexts)Regulation of inflammatory signaling pathways in epithelial cellsModulation of glycosylation patterns involved in cell-cell interactions and recognition
04
Disease associations
Pharmacogenetics of psychiatric response (notably risperidone response in schizophrenia)Infection (host-pathogen interaction, notably in the intestinal epithelium for E. coli responses)Potential neuronal/brain function and disorders (restricted expression in brain)
05
Safety considerations
No major safety concerns documented for therapeutic targeting; functional modulation could impact inflammation or nervous system function, but this is not a current direct therapeutic application
06
Interacting drugs
Risperidone
07
Biomarkers
Genetic polymorphisms (for antipsychotic response, especially risperidone, as a pharmacogenomic biomarker)
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