Stratum corneum (skin barrier) (SC)

The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis and constitutes the primary skin barrier protecting the body from environmental insults, dehydration, pathogens, and allergens[1][4][5]. It is composed of terminally differentiated, enucleated keratinocytes called corneocytes, which are embedded in a lipid-rich extracellular matrix predominantly made of ceramides, cholesterol, and free fatty acids[2][3]. Key proteins such as filaggrin and involucrin, as well as structures like the cornified envelope and intercellular lipids, contribute to its structural and functional integrity[1][2][3]. The stratum corneum's acidic pH helps regulate enzyme function, maintain microbial balance, and facilitate enzymatic lipid processing[3]. Defects or disruption in this barrier (e.g., genetic filaggrin mutations, altered lipid content) are associated with diseases such as atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and increased risk of skin infections[2][3]. While many drugs and therapies interact with the stratum corneum to enhance or repair barrier function, it is a tissue structure, not a discrete molecular target, so it is not considered a canonical therapeutic target in the usual sense[1][2][3][5]. Note: The "stratum corneum (skin barrier)" is not a molecule or receptor, but a specialized tissue structure. Therefore, it does not fit standard definitions of a drug target such as receptor, enzyme, or transporter. Its improvement or repair is a therapeutic goal, but it is not a single molecular target.

Other names

Stratum corneumskin barrierepidermal barrier

Reinforcement of barrier structure, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation, hydration