T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80, Intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 (CD80, ICAM-1, CD58)

The entry "Immune system, CD80, ICAM-1, CD58" refers to a group of three distinct cell surface proteins—T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80 (B7-1), Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1/CD54), and Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 (CD58/LFA-3)—that are essential for immune cell communication (UniProt P33681, P05362, P19235). CD80 provides a critical costimulatory signal to T-cells by binding to CD28, while ICAM-1 and CD58 facilitate stable adhesion between T-cells and antigen-presenting cells or vascular endothelium (PubMed PMID: 12573371). These molecules are key therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases and transplant medicine because their inhibition can selectively dampen unwanted immune responses. For example, Abatacept targets CD80 to prevent T-cell costimulation, and Alefacept was developed to target the CD2/CD58 pathway in psoriasis (FDA Label for Abatacept). Because these proteins are distinct molecular entities with different ligands and signaling pathways, they are typically addressed by separate pharmacological agents rather than a single multi-target drug. Their collective role in the immunological synapse makes them central to the pathophysiology of conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and organ rejection.

Other names

B7-1CD54LFA-3B7.1Intercellular adhesion molecule 1Lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80Cluster of Differentiation 80Cluster of Differentiation 54Cluster of Differentiation 58

Inhibition of T-cell costimulation and leukocyte adhesion through competitive binding to ligands or decoy receptor mechanisms (FDA Label for Abatacept, PubMed PMID: 12573371).