Tetanus toxoid, reduced Diphtheria toxoid, acellular Pertussis, and Inactivated Poliovirus vaccine antigens (Tdap-IPV) (Tdap-IPV)

Tdap-IPV vaccine antigens are a combination of immunogenic substances derived from Clostridium tetani, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bordetella pertussis, and Poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 [1]. The tetanus and diphtheria components are toxoids—chemically inactivated toxins that stimulate the production of neutralizing antibodies to prevent the systemic effects of bacterial infection [2]. The acellular pertussis component consists of purified proteins, such as pertussis toxin and filamentous hemagglutinin, which provide protection against whooping cough while minimizing the adverse reactions associated with older whole-cell formulations [3]. The inactivated poliovirus (IPV) component includes killed viruses of three distinct serotypes to induce protective immunity against paralytic poliomyelitis [4]. These antigens are typically formulated with aluminum-based adjuvants to enhance the host's immune response and ensure long-lasting memory [2]. Tdap-IPV is primarily utilized as a booster dose in adolescents and adults to maintain immunity against these four pathogens, which can cause severe respiratory distress, neurological damage, or muscle spasms [1, 3].

Other names

Tdap-IPVTetanus-Diphtheria-Pertussis-Polio vaccineAdacel-PolioBoostrix-IPVRepevax

Induction of active immunity through the presentation of inactivated toxins and viral/bacterial proteins to the host immune system, resulting in the production of specific neutralizing antibodies and memory B and T cells [2, 3].