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Topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) (Gyrase)
- Target
- Gyrase
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Topoisomerase
01
Overview
Topoisomerase II, specifically DNA gyrase, is a type II topoisomerase enzyme found primarily in prokaryotes. It introduces negative supercoils into double-stranded closed-circular DNA using energy from ATP hydrolysis, playing a critical role in maintaining the underwound state of bacterial genomes and facilitating DNA replication and transcription. It is an essential bacterial enzyme and a target for fluoroquinolone antibiotics.
- Other names
- DNA gyraseTopoisomerase II
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of DNA gyrase activity, leading to double-strand breaks and disruption of DNA replication and transcription.
03
Biological functions
DNA supercoilingDNA relaxationDNA decatenationDNA replicationTranscription
04
Disease associations
Infection
05
Safety considerations
Antibiotic resistancePotential for off-target effects
06
Interacting drugs
Fluoroquinolones (e.g., levofloxacin)
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