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Transforming protein RhoA (Ras homolog family member A) (RhoA)
- Target
- RhoA
- Molecular classification
- Small GTPase, GTP-binding protein
01
Overview
Transforming protein RhoA (RhoA) is a small GTPase in the Rho family, encoded by the RHOA gene on chromosome 3. It cycles between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states, functioning as a molecular switch in signal transduction. Primarily regulates cytoskeleton dynamics, including actin polymerization, stress fiber formation, focal adhesions, and actomyosin contractility via effectors like ROCK1 and DIAPH1. Involved in cell migration, polarity, adhesion, cycle progression (G1 phase, cytokinesis), transcriptional control, and platelet activation. C-terminal prenylation anchors it to membranes; regulated by GEFs, GAPs, and GDIs. Overexpression promotes cancer progression; targeted for inhibition in cancer and nerve regeneration
- Other names
- Ras homolog family member AARH12ARHARho12RHOH12
02
Mechanism of action
Rho GTPase inhibition (prevents cell growth and proliferation)
03
Biological functions
Cytoskeleton organizationActin stress fiber formationActomyosin contractilityCell shape regulationCell migrationCell polarityCell cycle progressionTranscriptional controlSignal transduction
04
Disease associations
CancerCardiovascular disease (atherothrombolic stroke risk)AsthmaDiabetes
05
Safety considerations
Overexpression linked to tumor proliferation and metastasis; potential role in drug resistance (e.g., doxorubicin)
06
Interacting drugs
Rhosin
07
Biomarkers
RhoA protein expression (elevated in malignant prostate cancer, testicular tumors, associated with aggressiveness and metastasis)
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