Tumor-associated antigen (shared epitope on multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer cells)

The tumor-associated antigen on multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer cells refers to a shared glycosylated cell surface molecule identified on CD138+ myeloma cells and ovarian tumor cells, characterized by at least one common epitope that distinguishes it from normal tissues.[10] This antigen contributes to tumor recognition by the immune system, potentially serving as a target for humoral and cellular responses in both malignancies.[4][10] In ovarian cancer, such antigens are part of a heterogeneous profile including high-expression markers like CA125, FOLR1 (FRα), EPCAM, and MUC-1, which are overexpressed in over 90% of high-grade serous tumors compared to normal ovarian tissue, supporting roles in cell adhesion, proliferation, and immune evasion.[1] In multiple myeloma, surface antigens on malignant plasma cells overlap with those pursued in immunotherapies, though BCMA is the primary validated target rather than this shared epitope.[5][11] Despite promise for multi-antigen immunotherapy approaches to overcome tumor heterogeneity, the lack of precise molecular identification limits direct drug development, with related targets showing immunogenicity via T-cell and antibody responses but facing challenges like central tolerance and variable expression.[1][2][4] Overall, this antigen highlights opportunities for shared therapeutic strategies across myeloma and ovarian cancers, though clinical translation requires better characterization.[10]

Other names

Myeloma cell and ovarian cancer cell surface antigen

None specific (for related: antibody-mediated immune recognition, T-cell redirection, cytotoxic killing)