Tumor-associated messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts (mRNA)

Tumor-associated mRNA transcripts represent a diverse class of messenger RNA molecules that are aberrantly expressed, mutated, or uniquely present in malignant cells [1.2.1]. These transcripts serve as the primary templates for the synthesis of oncoproteins and tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) that drive oncogenesis and immune evasion [1.2.3]. In therapeutic development, these transcripts are targeted by mRNA vaccines, such as Autogene cevumeran, which utilize the transcripts to encode antigens that stimulate a robust T-cell-mediated immune response [1.2.3]. Additionally, RNA-targeted therapies like antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and siRNAs are designed to bind and degrade specific tumor-associated transcripts to silence the expression of harmful proteins [1.2.1]. Small molecule inhibitors also target the synthesis or translation of these transcripts, such as omacetaxine mepesuccinate, which blocks ribosomal protein synthesis [1.2.2]. Beyond therapeutics, these transcripts are critical biomarkers used in liquid biopsies to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and monitor treatment efficacy [1.3.1, 1.3.4]. The regulation of these transcripts is also influenced by epigenetic modifications like m6A methylation, which can be modulated by endogenous signaling molecules like nitric oxide [1.1.1, 1.4.1].

Other names

OncotranscriptsTumor-specific mRNACancer-associated mRNATumor-associated antigen mRNANeoantigen mRNA

Induction of antigen-specific T-cell responses via mRNA translation in antigen-presenting cells; RNase H-mediated degradation of target mRNA; RNA interference (RNAi) via the RISC complex; Inhibition of the eIF4F translation initiation complex; Inhibition of ribosomal protein synthesis.