Tumor cell (targeted via conditionally replicative oncolytic adenovirus tropism)

Tumor cells targeted via conditionally replicative oncolytic adenovirus (CRAd) tropism represent a cellular-level therapeutic target in oncology. This approach utilizes engineered adenoviruses that are modified to selectively infect and replicate within malignant cells while sparing healthy tissue. Transductional targeting, or tropism, is often achieved by modifying the viral fiber protein to bind receptors overexpressed on tumor surfaces, such as CD46 or integrins, bypassing the standard Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR) (Yamamoto & Curiel, 2010, Mol Ther). Once inside the cell, the virus undergoes conditional replication, often controlled by tumor-specific promoters or by exploiting defects in cellular pathways like p53 or Rb (Nettelbeck et al., 2002, Trends Genet). The resulting viral cycle leads to direct oncolysis, releasing tumor antigens and progeny viruses that can infect adjacent cells. This process not only destroys the primary tumor cell but also acts as an in situ vaccine, promoting a systemic anti-tumor immune response (Baker et al., 2007, Gene Ther). Clinical candidates such as Tasadenoturev and CG0070 exemplify this strategy, targeting specific mutations or surface markers to treat high-grade gliomas and bladder cancer, respectively.

Other names

Cancer cellMalignant cellOncolytic adenovirus target cellCRAd-targeted tumor cellTumor cells via conditionally replicative oncolytic adenovirus tropism

Selective viral replication within tumor cells facilitated by engineered tropism and tumor-specific promoters, resulting in direct oncolysis and stimulation of the host immune system.