Tumor Cell Lysis via Selective Viral Replication (AFP Promoter-Driven) (AFP Promoter-Driven Oncolytic Virotherapy)

This therapeutic approach utilizes oncolytic viruses engineered to selectively replicate in and lyse tumor cells, with specificity conferred by placing essential viral genes under the control of the alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter. This strategy is primarily used for targeting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), as AFP is highly expressed in most HCC cells but not in normal adult tissues. The virus replicates within AFP-positive cells, leading to lysis and tumor cell death, while sparing normal tissues with low or no AFP expression.

Other names

AFP-driven oncolytic virusSelective oncolytic adenovirus for HCCAD55-ApoptinAFP promoter-controlled viral replication

Selective viral replication and lysis of AFP-expressing tumor cells, driven by the AFP promoter controlling essential viral genes (e.g., E1A). This leads to tumor cell death and release of tumor antigens, potentially stimulating an anti-tumor immune response.