Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3), Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), and Colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) (VEGFR1/2/3, FGFR, CSF-1R)

This entry describes a group of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) including Vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFR1, VEGFR2, VEGFR3), Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR, including subtypes FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4), and Colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R). While all are legitimate and important therapeutic targets, grouping them together is considered imprecise for molecular annotation due to their distinct biological functions and specific disease associations. VEGFR1, VEGFR2, and VEGFR3 are homologous RTKs crucial for blood and lymphatic vessel development and maintenance, with VEGFR2 being the principal mediator of angiogenesis, VEGFR3 primarily involved in lymphangiogenesis, and VEGFR1 acting as a modulator. FGFRs and CSF-1R regulate diverse cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, and immune responses. All are implicated in various cancers and other diseases, making them significant therapeutic targets. However, each represents a distinct protein with unique biology, necessitating individual annotation for accurate data structuring and biological relevance.

Other names

FLT1Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1KDRKinase insert domain receptorFlk-1FLT4Basic FGF receptorFGFR1FGFR2FGFR3FGFR4FMS

These receptor tyrosine kinases are targeted by inhibiting their tyrosine kinase domains, preventing receptor activation and dimerization, thereby blocking downstream signaling pathways. This leads to inhibition of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and modulation of immune responses, ultimately aiming to induce tumor vessel regression or modulate immune responses.