Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba, classical biotype (V. cholerae O1 Inaba (CL))

Vibrio cholerae O1 Inaba, classical biotype is a specific strain of the Gram-negative, comma-shaped bacterium that causes cholera, an acute and potentially fatal diarrheal disease (Source [1], [4]). It is characterized by the O1 surface antigen, the Inaba serotype (expressing A and C antigens), and the classical biotype, which is distinguished from the El Tor biotype by its sensitivity to polymyxin B and specific bacteriophages (Source [1], [11]). Historically, this biotype was the primary driver of the first six cholera pandemics, although it has been largely replaced by the El Tor biotype in the ongoing seventh pandemic (Source [7], [11]). The bacterium's pathogenicity is primarily mediated by the secretion of cholera toxin, which binds to GM1 ganglioside receptors on intestinal epithelial cells, leading to a massive efflux of water and electrolytes (Source [1], [7]). Clinical management involves aggressive oral or intravenous rehydration and the use of antibiotics like doxycycline to reduce the duration of illness and bacterial shedding (Source [1], [13]). Furthermore, inactivated whole cells of this specific strain are a critical component of oral cholera vaccines, such as Dukoral, which induce protective mucosal and systemic immunity (Source [3], [5]).

Other names

Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 serotype Inaba classical biotypeV. cholerae O1 Inaba CLVibrio cholerae classical biotype

Antibiotics inhibit bacterial growth by targeting ribosomes or DNA replication; vaccines provide inactivated whole-cell antigens to induce protective vibriocidal and anti-toxin antibodies (Source [5], [6], [11]).