Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa, classical biotype (V. cholerae O1 Ogawa (CL))

Vibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa, classical biotype is a specific strain of the Gram-negative bacterium responsible for the first six cholera pandemics [1, 3]. The O1 designation refers to the major cell wall lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigen, while Ogawa denotes a specific serotype within that group, and classical refers to the biotype characterized by specific phenotypic traits such as sensitivity to polymyxin B and phage IV [1, 10]. This organism is the primary target of cholera vaccines, which utilize inactivated or attenuated forms of the bacteria to induce mucosal immunity against the O-antigen and the cholera toxin [11, 13]. In clinical settings, the pathogen is targeted by antibiotics like doxycycline and azithromycin, which aim to reduce the duration of diarrhea and bacterial shedding [8, 12]. Understanding this specific biotype is crucial for epidemiological tracking and for the development of broad-spectrum vaccines that cover both classical and the currently dominant El Tor biotypes [5, 9]. Although the classical biotype has largely been replaced by the El Tor biotype in the current seventh pandemic, it remains a significant reference for vaccine efficacy and virulence studies [1, 6].

Other names

Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 serotype Ogawa classical biotypeV. cholerae O1 Ogawa CLVibrio cholerae classical biotypeVibrio cholerae O1 Ogawa

Antibiotics target bacterial protein synthesis (e.g., doxycycline) or DNA replication (e.g., ciprofloxacin), while vaccines induce active mucosal immunity against the O1 antigen and cholera toxin.