Cypros Pharmaceutical

Cypros Pharmaceutical was a biopharmaceutical company based in Carlsbad, California, that specialized in the development of cytoprotective drugs to treat injuries resulting from ischemia and reperfusion. The company's lead research programs, Ceresine and Cordox, utilized fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to maintain cellular energy production during periods of low oxygen, targeting indications like traumatic brain injury and cardiac surgery. In addition to its R&D pipeline, Cypros marketed several commercial products, including Ethamolin for the treatment of esophageal varices and diagnostic agents for renal function. In 1999, Cypros merged with Ribi ImmunoChem Research to form Questcor Pharmaceuticals, a company that later became prominent for its specialty drug Acthar Gel. Questcor was eventually acquired by Mallinckrodt in 2014 for approximately $5.6 billion.