(R)-zileuton

(R)-zileuton is the (R)-(+) enantiomer of the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor zileuton. It acts by selectively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for the initial steps of leukotriene biosynthesis from arachidonic acid. Leukotrienes are key mediators in the inflammatory response, particularly in the airways, leading to bronchoconstriction, edema, and mucus secretion. In humans, (R)-zileuton exhibits a significantly longer half-life and slower metabolic clearance than the (S)-enantiomer, as the metabolism of zileuton is highly stereoselective. While the racemic mixture is approved for the prophylaxis and chronic treatment of asthma, the isolated (R)-enantiomer was explored for its potential to offer a more favorable pharmacokinetic profile, though it has not been developed into a commercial product.

Other names

(+)-zileuton(R)-N-(1-benzo[b]thien-2-ylethyl)-N-hydroxyurea