12-hydroxystearic acid

12-Hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA) is a hydroxylated fatty acid, typically derived from castor oil, that is being investigated for its dermatological benefits, particularly in skin brightening and barrier repair. It functions as an autophagy agonist, enhancing lysosomal degradation of melanosomes in keratinocytes and increasing the expression of essential barrier proteins such as filaggrin and Cathepsin V. Research, including in silico and in vitro studies, suggests that 12-HSA modulates these cellular processes through the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. Developed primarily for topical application, it has shown efficacy in maintaining skin integrity against UV damage and reducing melanin content.

Other names

12-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid