3-nitropropionic acid

3-nitropropionic acid is a naturally occurring mycotoxin and potent neurotoxic nitroalkane that acts as an **irreversible inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase** (complex II) in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity[1][2][5][6][7]. It is produced by certain fungi (notably of the genus Arthrinium), can contaminate foods such as sugar cane, miso, soy sauce, katsuobushi, coconuts, and some traditional Chinese medicines[1][3][7]. In preclinical research it is widely used to induce models of Huntington's disease and other forms of neurodegeneration by causing striatal injury and chemical hypoxia in laboratory animals[5][3][7]. It is not an approved pharmaceutical and is toxic to humans.

Other names

β-nitropropionic acidbeta-nitropropionic acid3-NPAbovinocidin3-NP acidnci-c03076nci-c-03076nci-c 03076hiptagenicacid3-nitropropanoate3-nitropropanoicacinitro-propanoic acid3-nitro-propionicaci