4-hydroxypropranolol

4-hydroxypropranolol is the primary active metabolite of the non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker propranolol. Formed through hepatic hydroxylation, this small molecule possesses significant pharmacological activity, including potent antagonism of the beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2). Preclinical research has identified 4-hydroxypropranolol as a potential therapeutic agent for colorectal cancer, demonstrating superior tumor-suppressive effects compared to its parent compound. Its mechanism of action involves the inhibition of the AKT/MAPK signaling pathway and the modulation of the tumor immune microenvironment. Specifically, it has been shown to downregulate the expression of Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on T cells and reduce the population of regulatory T cells (Tregs), thereby enhancing anti-tumor immune responses.

Other names

4-OH-propranolol4-hydroxy-propranolol