5-nonyloxytryptamine

5-Nonyloxytryptamine (5-NL, 5-NOT) is a small molecule selective 5-HT1B receptor agonist and a polysialic acid (PSA) mimetic. Originally investigated for its neuroprotective, neuroregenerative, and myelination-promoting properties in preclinical models of spinal cord injury and Parkinson's disease, 5-nonyloxytryptamine has also been identified as a novel immunomodulatory agent for oncology. In preclinical tumor models, including melanoma and B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL), 5-nonyloxytryptamine enhances T cell-mediated anti-tumor immunity by upregulating the antigen-presenting machinery (MHC-I/HLA-C) in poorly immunogenic 'cold' tumors. This pro-immune effect is mediated through the phosphorylation of cAMP Response Element-Binding Protein (CREB) and occurs independently of its canonical serotonin receptor signaling. It has demonstrated synergistic efficacy when combined with anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors.

Other names

5-nonyloxytryptamine oxalatenonyloxytryptamine