ACE inhibitor + SGLT-2 inhibitor

A combination therapy consisting of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor. This regimen is used primarily for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease (CKD), or at high risk of cardiorenal events. The ACE inhibitor component acts by suppressing the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, leading to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure, while the SGLT-2 inhibitor reduces glucose reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules, promoting glycosuria and natriuresis. Together, these agents provide additive nephroprotective effects—lowering blood pressure, reducing proteinuria, improving estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and decreasing cardiovascular risk more effectively than either agent alone[1][2][3][4][5]. Fixed-dose combinations are under development[7].