AD-NP1

AD-NP1 is a humanized monoclonal antibody designed to target and inhibit human ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1 (ENPP1). Developed by Dr. Arjun Deb at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), the antibody modulates the STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway by preventing the hydrolysis of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP), a key second messenger that activates innate immune responses. By inhibiting ENPP1, AD-NP1 aims to maintain elevated levels of cGAMP, thereby promoting STING-mediated signaling. This mechanism is being investigated for its potential to enhance anti-tumor immunity in oncology and to address fibrotic conditions, such as systemic sclerosis, where the ENPP1-STING axis plays a regulatory role in tissue repair and fibrosis. AD-NP1 is currently in early-stage clinical development, with a Phase 1 study evaluating its safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers.