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adenosine
- Development stage
- Approved
- Modality
- Orthosteric Ligands → Classical Binding Small Molecules → Small Molecules, DNA Intercalators/Alkylators → Nucleic Acid-Directed Small Molecules → Small Molecules, Metabolically Activated Prodrugs → Prodrugs/Conditional Activator Small Molecules → Small Molecules
- Administration
- Intravenous, Ophthalmic, Intramuscular
01
Overview
Adenosine is an endogenous purine nucleoside and a fundamental building block of RNA. Pharmacologically, it acts as an agonist at four G-protein-coupled adenosine receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3), modulating numerous physiological processes including cardiac conduction, vasodilation, neurotransmission, and immune response. Clinically, intravenous adenosine is used for the acute conversion of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) to normal sinus rhythm and as a diagnostic agent in myocardial perfusion imaging for patients unable to exercise adequately. Its antiarrhythmic effect is mediated by slowing conduction through the atrioventricular node via hyperpolarization of cardiac cells. Adenosine has a very short half-life (<10 seconds) due to rapid cellular uptake and metabolism[1][7][8]. It also plays roles in neuroprotection during hypoxia or ischemia and has been investigated for its effects on sleep regulation, pain modulation, inflammation control, and potential involvement in neurodegenerative diseases[2][5][9].
- Brand names
- AdenocardAdenoscan
- Other names
- adenine riboside腺苷
02
Targets
ADORA1 (Adenosine receptor A1 subtype)ADORA2A (Adenosine A₂A Receptor)ADORA2B (Adenosine A2B receptor)ADORA3 (Adenosine A3 receptor)
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