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afatinib + toripalimab
- Development stage
- Phase 3
- Lead developer
- Boehringer Ingelheim
- Modality
- Monoclonal Antibodies → Antibody-Based Therapeutics, Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral, Intravenous
01
Overview
Afatinib + toripalimab is a combination therapy being investigated for the treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) that is refractory to prior immune checkpoint inhibitors. This regimen combines **afatinib**, an irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that targets the ErbB family of receptors (including EGFR, HER2, and HER4), with **toripalimab**, a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) receptor. The rationale for this combination is to simultaneously inhibit oncogenic signaling pathways that drive tumor growth and survival while reactivating the immune system's anti-tumor response by blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. This specific cohort in clinical trials focuses on patients with high EGFR expression or activation of EGFR-related signaling pathways, aiming to overcome resistance to standard immunotherapy.
- Brand names
- Tuoyi
- Other names
- afatinib dimaleatetoripalimab-tpzi
02
Targets
EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor)ERBB2 (Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2)ERBB4 (Erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4)PDCD1 (Programmed cell death protein 1 receptor)
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