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ajowan seed
- Development stage
- Unknown
- Modality
- Metabolically Activated Prodrugs → Prodrugs/Conditional Activator Small Molecules → Small Molecules, Classical Binding Small Molecules → Small Molecules
- Administration
- Oral, Topical
01
Overview
Ajowan seed, derived from the annual herb *Trachyspermum ammi* (also known as ajwain or carom), is a traditional botanical medicine and spice native to the eastern Mediterranean and widely cultivated in India, Iran, and the Middle East. The seeds are rich in essential oils, with the phenolic monoterpene thymol serving as the primary active constituent, alongside carvacrol, γ-terpinene, and p-cymene. Pharmacologically, ajowan seed exhibits antispasmodic, bronchodilatory, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties. Its therapeutic effects are primarily mediated through the blockade of voltage-gated L-type calcium channels, positive allosteric modulation of GABAA receptors, and inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. Clinical trials have investigated ajowan seed extracts and oils for the management of primary dysmenorrhea, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, neuropathic pain, and pediatric dental injection pain.
- Other names
- ajowanajowan carawayajwainajwain seedajwain seedsbishop's weedcaromcarom seedcarom seedsCarum copticumthymol seedsTrachyspermum ammiTrachyspermum copticum
02
Targets
AcetylcholinesterasePGHS-1 (Prostaglandin G/H Synthase 1)PTGS2 (Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthase 2)GABRR (GABA-A receptor subunit rho)GABAA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor)TRPA1 (Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1)TRPM8 (Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8)TRPV3 (Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 3)CACNA1C (Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C)
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