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AKR1C3 siRNA is a small interfering RNA therapeutic candidate developed by Alnylam Pharmaceuticals designed to silence the expression of the AKR1C3 gene (also known as HSD17B5). AKR1C3 is an aldo-ketoreductase enzyme that plays a critical role in the peripheral activation of androgens, converting precursors such as androstenedione and 11-ketoandrostenedione into potent androgens like testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone, respectively. By utilizing an adipose-targeted delivery approach, this siRNA aims to reduce circulating androgen levels without affecting adrenal-derived hormones like DHEA. Preclinical data in cynomolgus monkeys demonstrated significant knockdown of AKR1C3 mRNA and a corresponding reduction in circulating testosterone, suggesting potential utility in treating Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and other hyperandrogenic conditions.
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