alamandine

Alamandine is an endogenous heptapeptide (Ala-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro) in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), formed via ACE2-mediated hydrolysis of angiotensin A or by decarboxylation of angiotensin-(1-7)[1][6][8]. It acts primarily through the Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor (MrgD) to produce antihypertensive, cardioprotective, renoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and antifibrotic effects[1][3][4][5][6][8]. Alamandine's physiological and pharmacological actions include lowering blood pressure, improving cardiac contractility, preventing vascular and cardiac remodeling, inhibiting MAPK pathways, and modulating immune responses[2][4][5][6][8]. Investigational studies have shown its protective role in experimental models of hypertension, heart failure, renal damage, pulmonary fibrosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and doxorubicin-induced toxicity, with both central and peripheral effects[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Alamandine is used in preclinical research, and some animal formulations exist (e.g., alamandine/2-hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin complex)[1][2][8].

Other names

Ala-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro