Alista

Alista is a topical cream formulation of alprostadil (prostaglandin E1) that was developed by Vivus for the treatment of female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD). Alprostadil is a synthetic version of the naturally occurring prostaglandin E1, which acts as a potent vasodilator. Its mechanism involves binding to prostaglandin E (EP) receptors—specifically the EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 subtypes—which are G protein-coupled receptors. Activation of these receptors, particularly EP2 and EP4, stimulates adenylate cyclase, thereby increasing intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). This biochemical cascade leads to the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells and the dilation of blood vessels, increasing local blood flow to the clitoral and vaginal tissues to enhance physiological arousal. The Alista formulation utilized a proprietary permeation enhancer to facilitate drug delivery across the skin and mucosa. Although the drug reached Phase 3 clinical trials, development was discontinued by Vivus in 2004 after receiving a 'not approvable' letter from the FDA.

Brand names

Alista

Other names

topical alprostadil