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Drug intelligence / Profile preview
Alpha-chloralose is a chlorinated acetal derivative of glucose that acts as a central nervous system (CNS) depressant. It is primarily used as a sedative and anesthetic in laboratory animals and wild birds, and as a rodenticide (specifically for indoor mouse control) and avicide. Chemically, it is a condensation product of chloral and glucose. Alpha-chloralose acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA-A) receptor complex, enhancing inhibitory synaptic transmission in the brain. This leads to progressive CNS depression, narcosis, and, in rodents at low ambient temperatures, fatal hypothermia due to impaired thermoregulation. Historically, it was also investigated as a hypnotic in human medicine, but its use has been discontinued due to adverse effects such as myoclonus and seizures.
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