alpha-viniferin

**alpha-viniferin** is a naturally occurring stilbenoid trimer (specifically, a resveratrol trimer) belonging to the class of 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids, with the molecular formula C42H30O9 and a molar mass of 678.68 g/mol[2][3][5][6][7]. It is principally isolated from several plant species, notably Caragana chamlagu, Caragana sinica, Caragana korshinskii, and is found in Vitis vinifera (grapes)[2][3][7]. Biologically, it functions as a plant metabolite, prostaglandin H2 synthase inhibitor, anti-inflammatory agent, acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, anti-oxidant, anti-arthritis agent, and anti-tumor agent[2][4][9][10][12]. Mechanistically, alpha-viniferin exhibits: - **Reversible, non-competitive inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)**, enhancing cholinergic neurotransmission and offering therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease[1][2][4]. - **Dose-dependent inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) activity**, implicating anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects[4][11]. - **Anti-angiogenic activity** by inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration (via VEGFR-2/p70 S6 kinase pathway), potentially relevant in atherosclerosis and cancer[1]. Other reported activities include inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2, suppression of STAT-1-inducible inflammatory gene expression (in IFN-γ-stimulated macrophages via ERK/STAT-1 pathway), and modulation of retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation[1][4][11]. alpha-viniferin is investigated for **anti-tubercular activity**[10], neuroprotective effects, and potential biomarker of grape and wine consumption[3]. Bioavailability is low (~4.2%) after oral administration in animal models[1].

Other names

α-viniferinalpha-Viniferin(+)-alpha-viniferin