ALVAC(2) melanoma vaccine + sargramostim + interferon alfa-2b

ALVAC(2) melanoma vaccine + sargramostim + interferon alfa-2b is an investigational combination immunotherapy regimen formerly evaluated for the treatment of advanced melanoma. The regimen centers on the ALVAC(2) vaccine (specifically the vCP1254 construct), a recombinant canarypox virus vector engineered to express the melanoma-associated antigens gp100 and MART-1, along with the T-cell costimulatory molecule B7.1 (CD80). This viral vector is designed to infect host cells and induce a robust cellular immune response against tumor cells expressing these antigens. To enhance the efficacy of the vaccine, sargramostim (recombinant human GM-CSF) is administered as an adjuvant to promote the recruitment and maturation of antigen-presenting cells, particularly dendritic cells, at the vaccination site. Interferon alfa-2b is included to provide systemic immunomodulatory effects, including the upregulation of MHC class I molecules on tumor cells and the activation of natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Clinical development of this triplet combination was primarily conducted in the late 1990s and early 2000s but did not proceed to late-stage approval.

Other names

ALVAC-gp100/MART-1/B7.1ALVAC(2) melanoma vaccine + granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor + interferon alfa-2b