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ampicillin + ampicillin + sulbactam + cefazolin + cefepime + ceftaroline + ceftazidime + ceftazidime + avibactam + dalbavancin + daptomycin + ertapenem

Development stage
Unknown
Lead developer
GSK
Modality
Peptides, Small Molecules, Recombinant Proteins and Enzymes
Administration
Intravenous, Intramuscular
01

Overview

This is a highly complex and unconventional combination of multiple antibiotics, chiefly from the beta-lactam (penicillins and cephalosporins), beta-lactamase inhibitor, lipopeptide, and lipoglycopeptide classes. The agents in this combination include: - **ampicillin**: a penicillin-type beta-lactam antibiotic that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis. - **sulbactam**: a beta-lactamase inhibitor paired with ampicillin to prevent enzymatic breakdown of ampicillin. - **cefazolin**: a first-generation cephalosporin, also inhibiting cell wall synthesis. - **cefepime**: a fourth-generation cephalosporin with broad-spectrum activity. - **ceftaroline**: a fifth-generation cephalosporin notably active against MRSA. - **ceftazidime** (listed twice): a third-generation cephalosporin with activity against Gram-negative pathogens. - **avibactam**: a non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor often combined with ceftazidime. - **dalbavancin**: a lipoglycopeptide antibiotic targeting Gram-positive organisms. - **daptomycin**: a lipopeptide antibiotic disrupting cell membrane potential in Gram-positive bacteria. - **ertapenem**: a carbapenem antibiotic with broad-spectrum bacetericidal activity. Each component acts primarily by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis (beta-lactams and glycopeptides) or by targeting bacterial membranes (daptomycin), and beta-lactamase inhibitors protect beta-lactam antibiotics from degradation. Such a combination is not standard in clinical practice, and there is no evidence or precedent for using all these agents simultaneously, either in guidelines or published cases. Some dual or triple combinations from this group are used in resistant or mixed infections, but this specific multipronged combination would be considered experimental and potentially unsafe.

02

Targets

PBP2 (Penicillin-binding protein 2)NeuraminidaseD-Ala-D-Ala (D-Ala-D-Ala terminus)Phosphatidylglycerol-containing bacterial membrane

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