androgen deprivation therapy + external beam radiotherapy

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) combined with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) is a standard combination treatment for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer. ADT works by reducing levels of androgens (male hormones), primarily testosterone, which are necessary for the growth and survival of prostate cancer cells. This is achieved through medical or surgical castration or by using antiandrogens to block the androgen receptor. EBRT uses high-energy radiation beams directed at the prostate to induce DNA double-strand breaks in tumor cells, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The combination of ADT with EBRT has been shown to have synergistic effects; while both therapies have independent cytotoxic actions, ADT may enhance the effectiveness of radiation by preventing DNA repair in cancer cells[1][5]. Clinical trials demonstrate that this combination improves overall survival in intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer compared to either modality alone[2][3][4]. The optimal duration of ADT when used with EBRT varies based on risk stratification but typically ranges from 4–6 months for intermediate-risk disease up to 18–36 months for high-risk disease[3]. Common side effects include those associated with both modalities. For ADT: sexual dysfunction, hot flashes, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, cardiovascular risks, fatigue, cognitive changes; for EBRT: urinary symptoms (cystitis), bowel changes (proctitis), fatigue, ejaculation changes[6][8][9][10].

Other names

ADT + EBRTandrogen deprivation therapy plus external beam radiotherapyADT and EBRT