angiotensin-(1-9)

Angiotensin-(1-9) is a bioactive peptide and a key component of the non-canonical or counter-regulatory axis of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). It is produced from angiotensin I by the action of the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Angiotensin-(1-9) primarily acts as an endogenous agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2R), through which it exerts potent cardioprotective, anti-hypertrophic, and anti-fibrotic effects. It serves to counteract the deleterious effects of the classical RAS axis (ACE/Ang II/AT1R), which is associated with vasoconstriction and pathological remodeling. Research has demonstrated its potential in treating hypertension, heart failure, and diabetic cardiomyopathy by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing oxidative stress. Due to its short biological half-life, current research focuses on advanced delivery systems, such as nanoparticles and thermosensitive liposomes, to facilitate its therapeutic application.

Other names

Angiotensin 1-9Angiotensin1-9Angiotensin-1-9Angiotensin-(1-9) peptide