angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor + angiotensin receptor blocker + statin

This is a combination therapy consisting of three classes of drugs commonly used in cardiovascular and renal disease management: - **Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors** lower blood pressure by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduced workload on the heart. - **Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)** block the action of angiotensin II at its receptor, also resulting in vasodilation and blood pressure reduction. - **Statins** inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, reducing cholesterol synthesis in the liver and lowering LDL cholesterol levels. While ACE inhibitors, ARBs, and statins are often prescribed together for patients with comorbid hypertension or cardiovascular risk factors, combining an ACE inhibitor with an ARB is generally not recommended due to increased risk of adverse effects such as renal dysfunction[1][2][7]. There are no approved fixed-dose combinations containing all three components; however, dual combinations (e.g., ARB/statin) exist as single pills[8], while triple therapy may be prescribed as separate agents. The rationale for using these drug classes together is their complementary mechanisms targeting both blood pressure control and lipid lowering for comprehensive cardiovascular protection[3][5].