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Antiviral Oral Spray is a recombinant protein therapeutic developed by Triprime Gene (Beijing Tri-Prime Gene Pharmaceutical). It is formulated as a high-stability aqueous solution of recombinant human interferon alpha-1b (IFN-α1b) designed for localized delivery to the oropharyngeal mucosa via an oral spray. The drug functions by activating the interferon signaling pathway; specifically, it binds to the type I interferon receptors (IFNAR1 and IFNAR2) on the surface of target cells. This binding triggers the JAK-STAT signaling cascade, leading to the induction of various interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) that establish an antiviral state in the local tissue. This mechanism inhibits viral entry, replication, and assembly, providing a protective barrier and therapeutic effect against viral oral infections. The product is approved in China for the treatment of viral infections of the mouth and throat.
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