APE-EP

APE-EP is a standardized extract derived from the aerial parts (stems, leaves, and flowers) of *Echinacea purpurea*, specifically optimized for high concentrations of bioactive phenolic acids such as chicoric acid, caffeic acid, and chlorogenic acid. Developed by researchers at South China Agricultural University, APE-EP is being investigated as a natural drug candidate for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and other inflammatory bowel diseases. Its therapeutic efficacy is primarily attributed to its ability to modulate the immune microenvironment by promoting the polarization of macrophages from a pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to an anti-inflammatory and tissue-reparative M2 phenotype. Mechanistically, the extract inhibits the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and downregulates the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that while systemic absorption is limited, the active components maintain high local concentrations in the colon, facilitating targeted anti-inflammatory action at the site of intestinal lesions.

Other names

aerial part extract of Echinacea purpureaEchinacea purpurea aerial part extract