APEX-IHN

APEX-IHN is a veterinary DNA vaccine indicated for the active immunization of salmonid fish, specifically Atlantic salmon (*Salmo salar*), to reduce mortality caused by Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHNV). Developed originally by Novartis Animal Health and now marketed by Elanco, it represents a landmark in biotechnology as the first DNA vaccine licensed for use in a food-producing animal species. The vaccine consists of a plasmid DNA vector that carries the gene for the IHNV glycoprotein (G-protein) under the control of a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. Upon intramuscular administration, the plasmid is internalized by host cells, leading to the expression of the G-protein. This expression mimics a natural viral infection and stimulates a robust immune response, including the induction of interferon-related genes and the production of specific neutralizing antibodies, providing long-term protection against the rhabdovirus.

Brand names

APEX-IHN

Other names

IHN DNA vaccineInfectious hematopoietic necrosis DNA vaccine