arformoterol + tiotropium

Arformoterol + tiotropium is a combination of two inhaled bronchodilators used in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Arformoterol is a long-acting beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist that induces bronchodilation by relaxing airway smooth muscle through stimulation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors. Tiotropium is a long-acting antimuscarinic agent (anticholinergic) that acts as an antagonist at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, particularly the M3 subtype in airway smooth muscle, leading to sustained bronchodilation. This combination targets different pathways to improve airflow and reduce symptoms in patients with COPD[1][5].