arsenic sulfide

Arsenic sulfide is an inorganic compound that is a main component of realgar, a substance widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. It is being investigated for its anti-cancer properties, particularly in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gastric cancer, and hematological malignancies like acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Its mechanism of action involves inducing apoptosis through the activation of caspases and modulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, inhibiting cell proliferation by affecting cell cycle progression and key signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT and MAPK, and suppressing the expression of proteins like TLCD1 and Ki-67. Additionally, arsenic sulfide inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion, reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and targets the HIF-1/VEGF and Notch pathways, as well as the STAT3-THBS1/CD47 pathway, to exert its anti-tumor effects.