arzanol

Arzanol is a prenylated phloroglucinol-α-pyrone heterodimer natural product isolated from the Mediterranean plant *Helichrysum italicum*. It functions as a multi-target small molecule with potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. Its primary mechanism involves the dual inhibition of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), effectively blocking the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids. Arzanol also modulates the NF-κB signaling pathway, activates SIRT1, and inhibits human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (hDHODH) and brain glycogen phosphorylase. Research has explored its potential in treating inflammatory conditions, various cancers (notably bladder cancer), metabolic disorders, and viral infections including SARS-CoV-2. Currently in the preclinical stage, its development faces challenges such as high serum protein binding which impacts its pharmacokinetic profile.

Other names

prenylated phloroglucinol-alpha-pyrone heterodimer