as1411

AS1411 is a 26-base guanine-rich oligodeoxynucleotide aptamer that forms a G-quadruplex structure and binds with high affinity to nucleolin, a multifunctional nucleolar phosphoprotein overexpressed on the surface of many cancer cells. By targeting nucleolin, AS1411 induces antiproliferative and apoptotic effects selectively in tumor cells while sparing normal cells. Its mechanism involves binding to cell-surface and cytoplasmic nucleolin, leading to inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of cell cycle arrest, reduction in bcl-2 expression, and modulation of NF-κB signaling. AS1411 is notable for its ability to be internalized by cancer cells via macropinocytosis—a process further stimulated by the drug itself—resulting in enhanced uptake in malignant tissues. It has reached phase II clinical trials for indications such as acute myeloid leukemia and renal cell carcinoma. Additionally, AS1411 can serve as a targeting ligand for nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems due to its specificity for nucleolin-overexpressing cells[2][3][4][6].

Other names

anti-nucleolin aptamer AS1411