atenolol + hydrochlorothiazide + trandolapril

Atenolol + hydrochlorothiazide + trandolapril is a combination of three antihypertensive agents used to manage high blood pressure (hypertension). Atenolol is a beta-1 selective adrenergic receptor blocker that reduces heart rate and cardiac output. Hydrochlorothiazide is a thiazide diuretic that lowers blood pressure by increasing the excretion of sodium and water from the kidneys, thereby reducing plasma volume. Trandolapril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor prodrug; it is converted in the liver to its active form, trandolaprilat, which inhibits ACE and decreases levels of angiotensin II, leading to vasodilation and reduced aldosterone-mediated fluid retention[2][4][5]. This combination targets multiple mechanisms involved in hypertension for improved blood pressure control.