ATX-Red

ATX-Red (also known as AR-2) is an in vivo near-infrared (NIR) fluorogenic imaging probe developed by Echelon Biosciences for visualizing and measuring autotaxin (ATX, also known as ENPP2) activity. Chemically, ATX-Red is an analog of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), the natural substrate of autotaxin, and is conjugated to a near-infrared fluorophore (Licor IRDye 800CW) and a quencher (Licor IRDye QC-1). In its intact state, the fluorescence of ATX-Red is quenched via intramolecular energy transfer. Upon cleavage of the choline-like head group by the lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) activity of autotaxin, the fluorophore is released from the quencher, resulting in a significant increase in near-infrared fluorescence. This probe is primarily used as a research tool in animal models to monitor tumor progression, evaluate the efficacy of autotaxin inhibitors, and study diseases associated with dysregulation of the ATX/LPA pathway, such as metastatic cancers, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Other names

ATX-Red AR-2ATX-Red-2ATX-Red2ATX-Red 2