autologous bacterial lysate

Autologous bacterial lysates (ABL) are biological medicines manufactured from inactivated bacteria isolated from a patient's own infection site.[1][3] The preparation involves heat inactivation of the isolated bacteria and homogenization in a solution to create an antigen-rich suspension.[3] ABL is administered orally (typically 1 mL/day) and functions as an immunostimulant by inducing active and protective immunization through stimulation of immunoglobulin G and M production and activation of T lymphocytes.[1] The mechanism involves engagement of Toll-like receptors (TLR-2/TLR-6, TLR-9, and TLR-7/TLR-8) on immune cells, leading to both innate and adaptive immune responses with increased production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, TNF-α) and increased concentrations of immunoglobulins (IgA and IgG).[3] ABL is a patient-specific therapeutic approach where the bacterial strain responsible for each individual's infection is cultured, inactivated, and formulated into a personalized treatment. The therapy has been used since the 1940s and is recommended in European treatment guidelines for recurrent infections.[1]

Other names

autovaccinebacterial lysateautologous vaccine