autologous mesenchymal stromal cells

Autologous mesenchymal stromal cells are multipotent stromal cells derived from a patient's own tissues—most commonly bone marrow, but also adipose tissue and other sources. These spindle-shaped, plastic-adherent cells can be isolated and expanded ex vivo under good manufacturing practice conditions. They have the capacity to differentiate into various cell types of mesodermal origin such as osteoblasts (bone), chondrocytes (cartilage), myocytes (muscle), and adipocytes (fat). Their primary mechanisms include immunomodulation—such as suppressing T lymphocyte activation—and secretion of biological factors that promote tissue repair and regeneration. Autologous MSCs are being investigated for a range of indications including neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis, graft-versus-host disease reversal, and localized delivery of antitumor therapies[2][3][4]. The International Society for Cellular Therapy defines minimal criteria for these cells based on adherence to plastic in culture, specific surface antigen expression profile, and multipotent differentiation potential[5].

Other names

autologous mesenchymal stem cellsautologous expanded mesenchymal stem cellsMSCs (autologous)medicinal signaling cells (autologous)