autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells

Autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs or ATDCs) are a form of cell therapy in which a patient's own monocytes are differentiated ex vivo into dendritic cells and then rendered tolerogenic through specific protocols. These tolDCs exhibit low expression of costimulatory molecules (such as CD40, CD80, and CD86), high expression of inhibitory molecules (like PDL1, ILT3, ILT4), and secrete immunoregulatory cytokines including TGF-β and IL-10. Their primary mechanism is to induce antigen-specific immune tolerance by promoting T-cell anergy, deletion, or regulatory T-cell differentiation while minimizing proinflammatory responses. This approach aims to restore immune tolerance in autoimmune diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis) and prevent transplant rejection by modulating pathological immune responses without broadly suppressing the immune system[1][2][5][6][9].

Other names

autologous tolerogenic dendritic cellstolDCATDC